Microwave antennas hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau hauv hluav taws xob tsis muaj zog (thiab ua rau lwm tus) siv cov qauv tsim qauv. Lawv txoj haujlwm hinges ntawm peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus:
1. Electromagnetic Wave Transformation
Hloov hom:
RF teeb liab los ntawm kev xa xov mus los ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov txuas hom (piv txwv li, SMA, N-hom) mus rau qhov chaw noj mov. Lub kav hlau txais xov cov khoom siv hluav taws xob (horns / dipoles) ua cov nthwv dej rau hauv cov kab teeb taw qhia.
Txais hom:
Qhov xwm txheej EM nthwv dej induces tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub kav hlau txais xov, hloov rov qab mus rau hluav taws xob teeb liab rau lub receiver
2. Directivity & Radiation Control
Antenna directivity quantifies beam tsom. Lub kav hlau txais xov siab ncaj qha (piv txwv li, horn) concentrates lub zog hauv nqaim lobes, tswj hwm los ntawm:
Directivity (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Qhov twg A = aperture cheeb tsam, λ = wavelength.
Microwave kav hlau txais xov khoom zoo li cov tais diav parabolic ua tiav> 30 dBi directivity rau satellite txuas.
3. Cov Ntsiab Cai & Lawv Lub Luag Haujlwm
| Cheebtsam | Muaj nuj nqi | Piv txwv |
|---|---|---|
| Radiating Element | Hloov hluav taws xob-EM zog | Patch, dipole, qhov |
| Pub Network | Qhia nthwv dej nrog tsawg tsawg | Waveguide, microstrip kab |
| Passive Cheebtsam | Txhim khu lub teeb liab kev ncaj ncees | Phase shifters, polarizers |
| Cov khoom sib txuas | Interface nrog cov kab sib kis | 2.92mm (40GHz), 7/16 (High Pwr) |
4. Zaus-Specific Design
< 6 GHz: Microstrip antennas dominate rau compact loj.
> 18 GHz: Waveguide horns excel rau kev ua haujlwm qis.
Yam tseem ceeb: Impedance txuam ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov txuas tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam (VSWR <1.5).
Daim Ntawv Thov Ntiaj Teb tiag:
5G Loj MIMO: Microstrip arrays nrog passive Cheebtsam rau beam steering.
Radar Systems: High-directivity ntawm kav hlau txais xov xyuas kom meej lub hom phiaj taug qab.
Satellite Comms: Parabolic reflectors ua tiav 99% aperture efficiency.
Xaus: Microwave kav hlau txais xov cia siab rau electromagnetic resonance, precision kav hlau txais xov connector hom, thiab optimized kav hlau txais xov ncaj qha mus xa / tau txais cov cim. Advanced microwave kav hlau txais xov khoom integrate passive Cheebtsam kom txo tau poob thiab maximize ntau yam.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog antennas, thov mus saib:
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-15-2025
