Cov kav hlau txais xov microwave hloov cov teeb liab hluav taws xob mus ua cov nthwv dej electromagnetic (thiab rov ua dua) siv cov qauv tsim uas ua tiav. Lawv txoj haujlwm nyob ntawm peb lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:
1. Kev Hloov Pauv ntawm Lub Zog Hluav Taws Xob
Hom Kev Xa Mus:
Cov teeb liab RF los ntawm lub tshuab xa xov mus los ntawm cov hom txuas ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov (piv txwv li, SMA, N-hom) mus rau qhov chaw pub mov. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov (horns / dipoles) ua rau cov nthwv dej ua cov kab teeb ci.
Hom Txais:
Cov nthwv dej EM tshwm sim ua rau muaj cov hluav taws xob hauv lub antenna, hloov rov qab mus rau cov teeb liab hluav taws xob rau tus txais.
2. Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees & Kev Tswj Hluav Taws Xob
Kev coj ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov ntsuas qhov kev tsom ntawm lub teeb. Lub kav hlau txais xov uas muaj kev coj ntawm lub teeb siab (piv txwv li, lub suab raj) ua kom lub zog sib sau ua ke hauv cov lobes nqaim, tswj hwm los ntawm:
Kev Ncaj Ncees (dBi) ≈ 10 log₁₀(4πA/λ²)
Qhov twg A = thaj chaw qhib, λ = wavelength.
Cov khoom siv microwave antenna zoo li cov tais diav parabolic ua tiav > 30 dBi directivity rau cov kev sib txuas satellite.
3. Cov Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb & Lawv Lub Luag Haujlwm
| Cheebtsam | Kev Ua Haujlwm | Piv txwv |
|---|---|---|
| Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob | Hloov cov hluav taws xob-EM zog | Thaj, dipole, qhov |
| Kev Sib Txuas Lus Pub | Cov nthwv dej qhia nrog qhov poob tsawg kawg nkaus | Waveguide, kab microstrip |
| Cov Cheebtsam Passive | Txhim kho qhov kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub teeb liab | Cov hloov pauv theem, polarizers |
| Cov khoom sib txuas | Interface nrog cov kab xa xov | 2.92 hli (40GHz), 7/16 (Pwr siab) |
4. Tsim Qauv Tshwj Xeeb Rau Zaus
<6 GHz: Cov kav hlau txais xov Microstrip yog cov tseem ceeb rau qhov me me.
> 18 GHz: Waveguide horns zoo heev rau kev ua haujlwm qis.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb: Kev sib phim impedance ntawm cov connectors antenna tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam (VSWR <1.5).
Cov Kev Siv Hauv Ntiaj Teb Tiag:
5G Massive MIMO: Microstrip arrays nrog cov khoom passive rau kev tsav beam.
Cov Txheej Txheem Radar: Kev coj ncaj qha ntawm lub kav hlau txais xov ua kom muaj kev taug qab lub hom phiaj raug.
Kev Sib Txuas Lus Satellite: Cov Parabolic reflectors ua tiav 99% aperture efficiency.
Xaus Lus: Cov kav hlau txais xov microwave vam khom rau kev sib txuas lus hluav taws xob, cov hom txuas kav hlau txais xov precision, thiab kev coj ua kom zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov kav hlau txais xov kom xa / txais cov teeb liab. Cov khoom siv kav hlau txais xov microwave siab heev suav nrog cov khoom siv passive kom txo qis kev poob thiab ua kom ntau yam.
Yog xav paub ntxiv txog antennas, thov mus saib:
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Yim Hli-15-2025
